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Mary E. Britton
Mary Ellen Britton (1855–1925) was an African-American physician, educator, journalist and civil rights activist from Lexington, Kentucky. Britton was an original member of the Kentucky Negro Education Association, which formed in 1877. She was president of the Lexington Woman's Improvement Club, and later served as a charter member of the Ladies Orphan Society which founded the Colored Orphan Industrial Home in Lexington, in 1892. During her lifetime she accomplished many things through the obstacles she faced. After teaching black children in Lexington public schools, she worked as a doctor from her home in Lexington. She specialized in hydrotherapy, electrotherapy and massage; and, she was officially granted her license to practice medicine in Lexington, Kentucky in 1902.
==Background and early life==
Mary Ellen Britton was born as a free person of color in 1858. She was one of seven children of Laura and Henry Britton who lived on Mill Street, somewhere between Second and Third Streets which is now in the (Gratz Park Historical District ) of Lexington, Kentucky. Contrary to the limited opportunities many other African-Americans of the time were allowed, she and her siblings—Julia, Susan J., Hattie, Josiah, Robert, and William—acquired a classical education. Her father Henry was a freeborn carpenter (born around 1824) who later became a barber in Berea. Her mother, Laura, was a gifted singer and musician who had been well-educated under the protection of her mother who was an enslaved mistress to Kentucky statesman Thomas F. Marshall. She had been emancipated at the age of sixteen.
At a young age Britton was offered the best education possible for African American children in that time - attending private schools created out of subscriptions from Lexington's African-American professional class. In 1859, along with older sister Julia Britton Hooks (later known as a gifted musician and educator, as well as Berea's first African American teacher), Britton attended a branch school in Lexington started by Mr. William H. Gibson of Louisville, Kentucky.〔See more about Gibson's public career in Louisville and the branch schools he opened in 1859 in Lexington and Frankfort, p. 69: 〕 The family later moved to Berea, Kentucky where Laura Britton was hired as a matron at Berea College.〔
From 1871 to 1874, she attended Berea College, the first institution of higher learning to admit blacks in the state of Kentucky. At the time the only profession offered to an educated woman of any race was teaching. After the death of her parents, Britton left Berea in order to seek employment. She taught in the Lexington School System beginning around 1876〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.womeninkentucky.com/site/healthmed/M_Britton.html )〕 and ending in August 1897.
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